This is a sheet producd by Clwb Malu Cachu
It can be downloaded by clicking on the DOCUMENT DOWNLOAD link above.
|
Interrogative |
Yes |
No |
|
|
|
|
| Existential present |
|
|
|
| is/are there? |
oes? |
oes |
nac oes |
|
|
|
|
| Existential imperfect (past) |
|
|
| was/were there? |
oedd? |
oedd |
nac oedd |
|
|
|
|
| Existential future |
|
|
|
| will there be? |
fydd? |
bydd |
na fydd |
|
|
|
|
| Present |
|
|
|
| am i? |
ydw i? |
wyt/ydych |
nac wyt/ydych |
| are you? |
(wyt) ti? |
ydw |
nac ydw |
| is he? |
ydy/yw e? |
ydy |
nac ydy/yw |
| is she? |
ydy/yw hi? |
ydy |
nac ydy/yw |
| are we? |
ydan ni?/(yd)yn ni? |
ydych/ydyn |
nac ydych/ydyn |
| are you? |
(y)dach chi?/
(yd)ych chi? |
ydw/ydyn |
nac ydw/ydyn |
| are they? |
ydyn nhw? |
ydyn |
nac ydyn |
|
|
|
|
| Imperfect (written) |
|
|
|
| was i? |
oeddwn i? |
oeddet/ oeddech |
nac oeddet/ oeddech |
| were you? |
oeddet ti? |
oeddwn |
nac oeddwn |
| was he? |
oedd e? |
oedd |
nac oedd |
| was she? |
oedd hi? |
oedd |
nac oedd |
| were we? |
oedden ni? |
oedden |
nac oedden |
| were you? |
oeddech chi? |
oeddwn/oedden |
nac oeddwn/oedden |
| were they? |
oedden nhw? |
oedden |
nac oedden |
|
|
|
|
| Imperfect (spoken) |
|
|
|
| was i? |
o’n i? |
o’t/o’ch |
nac o’t/o’ch |
| were you? |
o’t ti? |
o’n |
nac o’n |
| was he? |
oedd e? |
oedd |
nac oedd |
| was she? |
oedd hi? |
oedd |
nac oedd |
| were we? |
o’n ni? |
o’n |
nac o’n |
| were you? |
o’ch chi? |
o’n |
nac o’n |
| were they? |
o’n nhw? |
o’n |
nac o’n |
|
|
|
|
| Future |
|
|
|
| will I (be)? |
fydda i? |
byddi/byddwch |
na fyddi/ fyddwch |
| will you (be)? |
fyddi di? |
bydda(f) |
na fydda(f) |
| will he (be)? |
fydd e? |
bydd |
na fydd |
| will she (be)? |
fydd hi? |
bydd |
na fydd |
| will we (be)? |
fyddwn ni? |
byddwn |
na fyddwn |
| will you (be)? |
fyddwch chi? |
bydda(f)/byddwn |
na fydda(f)/fyddwn |
| will they (be)? |
fyddan nhw? |
byddan |
na fyddan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Inflected preterite (simple past) |
|
| did i…? |
-es/-ais i? |
do |
naddo |
| did you…? |
-est ti? |
do |
naddo |
| did he…? |
-odd e? |
do |
naddo |
| did she…? |
-odd hi? |
do |
naddo |
| did we…? |
-on ni? |
do |
naddo |
| did you…? |
-och chi? |
do |
naddo |
| did they…? |
-on nhw? |
do |
naddo |
|
|
|
|
| Preterite of ‘bod’ |
|
|
|
| have I been (to)? |
fues/fu^m* i? |
do |
naddo |
| have you been (to)? |
fuest ti? |
do |
naddo |
| has he been (to)? |
fu(odd) e? |
do |
naddo |
| has she been (to)? |
fu(odd) hi? |
do |
naddo |
| have we been (to)? |
fuon/fuom* ni? |
do |
naddo |
| have you been (to)? |
fuoch chi? |
do |
naddo |
| have they been (to)? |
fuon nhw?/fuont hwy* |
do |
naddo |
|
*more formal |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Inflected future |
|
|
|
| will I? |
-a i? |
do |
naddo |
| will you? |
-i di? |
do |
naddo |
| will he? |
-ith e/o? |
do |
naddo |
| will she? |
-ith hi? |
do |
naddo |
| will we? |
-wn ni? |
do |
naddo |
| will you? |
-wch chi? |
do |
naddo |
| will they? |
-an nhw? |
do |
naddo |
|
|
|
|
| Galla – can |
|
|
|
| can I? |
alla i? |
gelli/galli/gallwch |
na elli/alli/allwch |
| can you? |
alli/elli* di? |
galla |
na alla |
| can he? |
all e? |
gall |
na all |
| can she? |
all hi? |
gall |
na all |
| can we? |
allwn ni? |
gallwn |
na allwn |
| can you? |
allwch/ellwch chi? |
galla/gallwn |
na alla/allwn |
| can they? |
allan nhw? |
gallan |
na allan |
|
*elli di is more common |
|
|
| Gallwn – could |
|
|
|
| could I? |
allwn i? |
gallet/gallech |
na allet/allech |
| could you? |
allet ti? |
gallwn |
na allwn |
| could he? |
allai fe? |
gallai |
na allai |
| could she? |
allai hi? |
gallai |
na allai |
| could we? |
allen ni? |
gallen |
na allen |
| could you? |
allech chi? |
gallwn/gallen |
na allwn/allen |
| could they? |
allen nhw? |
gallen |
na allen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Byddwn – would |
|
|
|
| would I? |
fyddwn i? |
byddet/byddech |
na fyddet/fyddech |
| would you? |
fyddet ti? |
byddwn |
na fyddwn |
| would he? |
fyddai fe? |
byddai |
na fyddai |
| would she? |
fyddai hi? |
byddai |
na fyddai |
| would we? |
fydden ni? |
bydden |
na fydden |
| would you? |
fyddech chi? |
byddwn/bydden |
na fyddwn/fydden |
| would they? |
fydden nhw? |
bydden |
na fydden |
|
|
|
|
| Baswn – would |
|
|
|
| would I? |
(fa)swn i? |
(ba)set/(ba)sech |
na (fa)set/(fa)sech |
| would you? |
(fa)set ti? |
(ba)swn |
na (fa)swn |
| would he? |
(fa)sai fo? |
(ba)sai |
na (fa)sai |
| would she? |
(fa)sai hi? |
(ba)sai |
na (fa)sai |
| would we? |
(fa)sen ni? |
(ba)sen |
na (fa)sen |
| would you? |
(fa)sech chi? |
(ba)swn/(ba)sen |
na (fa)swn/(fa)sen |
| would they? |
(fa)sen nhw? |
(ba)sen |
na (fa)sen |
|
|
|
|
| Dylwn – ought to/should |
| ought/should I? |
ddylwn i? |
dylet/dylech |
na ddylet/ddylech |
| ought/should you? |
ddylet ti? |
dylwn |
na ddylwn |
| ought/should he? |
ddylai fe/fo? |
dylai |
na ddylai |
| ought/should she? |
ddylai hi? |
dylai |
na ddylai |
| ought/should we? |
ddylen ni? |
dylen |
na ddylen |
| ought/should you? |
ddylech chi? |
dylwn/dylen |
na ddylwn/ddylen |
| ought/should they? |
ddylen nhw? |
dylen |
na ddylen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Hoffwn – would like |
|
|
|
| would I like? |
hoffwn i? |
hoffet/hoffech |
na hoffet/hoffech |
| would you like? |
hoffet ti? |
hoffwn |
na hoffwn |
| would he like? |
hoffai fe? |
hoffai |
na hoffai |
| would she like? |
hoffai hi? |
hoffai |
na hoffai |
| would we like? |
hoffen ni? |
hoffen |
na hoffen |
| would you like? |
hoffech chi? |
hoffwn/hoffen |
na hoffwn/hoffen |
| would they like? |
hoffen nhw? |
hoffen |
na hoffen |
|
|
|
|
| Leiciwn – would like |
|
|
|
| would I like? |
leiciwn i? |
leiciet/leiciech |
na leiciet/leiciech |
| would you like? |
leiciet ti? |
leiciwn |
na leiciwn |
| would he like? |
leiciai fe? |
leiciai |
na leiciai |
| would she like? |
leiciai he? |
leiciai |
na leiciai |
| would we like? |
leicien ni? |
leicien |
na leicien |
| would you like? |
leiciech chi? |
leiciwn/leicien |
na leiciwn/leicien |
| would they like? |
leicien nhw? |
leicien |
na leicien |
|
FROM: Clwb Malu Cachu
Yr Hen Ddyn Grwgnachlyd 